CHALLENGES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF YTTRIUM-90 (Y-90) MICROSPHERE RADIOEMBOLIZATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC NEOPLASMS: THE CRITICAL INTERSECTION BETWEEN NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63330/sasciencesv6n2-193Keywords:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Interventional Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Radioembolization, Yttrium-90Abstract
Hepatic radioembolization with Yttrium-90 (Y-90)-loaded microspheres, also known as Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT), is an established therapeutic modality for the treatment of unresectable primary and metastatic liver tumors. Despite its documented efficacy, the routine and large-scale implementation of this technique faces practical challenges, mainly arising from the necessary integration between Nuclear Medicine and Interventional Radiology. This article reviews the current scientific literature to identify and discuss the main logistical, technical, and regulatory barriers related to this interdisciplinary interface. The findings indicate that detailed vascular mapping, assessment of the hepatopulmonary shunt using technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (Tc-99m MAA) scintigraphy, the high costs associated with the acquisition, importation, and calibration of radioactive sources, as well as the need for integrated multidisciplinary teams, represent important challenges to the broader adoption of this procedure in hospital clinical practice.
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