CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DENGUE HOSPITALIZATIONS IN BRAZIL

Abstract

Dengue a disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito and classified as a neglected disease by the World Health Organization—presents significant challenges due to factors such as unplanned urbanization, favorable climatic conditions, and inequalities in access to healthcare services. This study utilized data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), available via DATASUS, to characterize the epidemiological profile of dengue-related hospitalizations in Brazil between 2019 and 2023. The objective was to analyze variables including region, gender, age group, number of admissions, hospital costs, average length of stay, deaths, and mortality rates. The results revealed significant regional disparities; the Southeast and Northeast regions recorded the highest volumes of hospitalizations and deaths, with the highest mortality rates observed among elderly men. The link between mortality rates and prolonged hospital stays underscores the clinical severity of advanced cases and the importance of early medical intervention. Furthermore, the findings highlight the growing economic strain on the healthcare system, characterized by high hospital costs concentrated in regions with more complex service networks. In light of these results, it is concluded that a collaborative effort between public authorities and society is essential to combat dengue. This requires strategies encompassing prevention, vector control, educational initiatives, epidemiological surveillance, infrastructure investment, and expanded vaccination coverage along with public uptake—to collectively mitigate the social, economic, and health impacts caused by the disease.