Analysis of the peanut culture productive scenario and its relationship with production indices for brazilian regions and states

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The peanut crop is part of the main oilseed crops in the world, providing various products from its grains, such as oil, proteins and vitamins. Objective: to organize Brazilian regions and states, according to production indicators, using descriptive statistical techniques and multivariate analysis of clusters. For the regional analysis, descriptive statistics were carried out in relation to the increase or reduction of the studied variables for the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 harvests. The data were acquired from the base of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in the Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production for planted area, harvested area and production, by crop year and crop product, where data for the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 crop were selected and analyzed by means of the exploratory analysis of the multivariate grouping technique, using the hierarchical method. The groups were separated in relation to the decrease, constancy or increase in production indicators, resulting in the following groups: Group 1 = Tocantins (TO); Group 2 = Alagoas (AL); Group 3 = São Paulo (SP), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Paraná (PR), Sergipe (SE), Ceará, (CE), Piauí (PI); Group 4 = Pará (PA), Maranhão (MA), Pernambuco (PE), Bahia (BA), Minas Gerais (MG), Mato Grosso (MT), Goiás (GO); Group 5 = Rondônia (RO), Acre (AC), Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The Southeast region had the largest area, production and productivity in the country, while the North and Northeast regions had the lowest rates as a whole. In Brazil, a large variation was observed in relation to production indicators and the multivariate study showed that it can be very important for producers, as it can collaborate in decision-making on investments and help in understanding the process of advancement or setback of the culture of the peanuts in Brazilian territory.